Cusco, Peru, is a city that encapsulates the essence of history, culture, and adventure. Known as the former capital of the Inca Empire, Cusco serves as the gateway to some of the world’s most iconic landmarks, including Machu Picchu and the Sacred Valley. Whether you are a history enthusiast, an adventure seeker, or someone wanting to immerse yourself in Peruvian culture, there’s no shortage of things to do in Cusco that will create lasting memories. This comprehensive guide will take you through the top 10 things to do in Cusco, Peru, ensuring your trip is unforgettable.
Table of Contents
Top 10 Things to do in Cusco, Peru
1. Explore the Sacred Valley: The Heart of Peru’s History
The Sacred Valley, located just outside Cusco, is home to some of the most breathtaking landscapes and ancient ruins in Peru. This valley was once the center of the Inca Empire, and it remains a must-see destination when you visit Cusco, Peru. The valley stretches from the town of Pisac to Ollantaytambo, with several important archaeological sites along the way.
Pisac is known for its terraced hillsides and the ancient ruins that overlook the town. The Ollantaytambo ruins, located in the village of the same name, showcase the impressive Inca stonework and breathtaking views. Another fascinating site is Moray, with its unique circular terraces that are believed to have been used for agricultural experiments by the Incas. The Sacred Valley is not just a historical site, but also a place of natural beauty, with majestic mountains and traditional Andean villages to explore.
2. Visit the Majestic Machu Picchu
Machu Picchu is undoubtedly the crown jewel of things to do in Cusco. One of the New Seven Wonders of the World is this historic Inca city, which is situated high in the Andes. A trip to Cusco is incomplete without seeing Machu Picchu, and there are several ways to get there. Adventurous travelers can hike the Inca Trail, a four-day trek through stunning landscapes and ancient ruins. Alternatively, visitors can take a scenic train ride from Cusco to Aguas Calientes, followed by a short bus ride to the site.
Once at Machu Picchu, take time to explore the well-preserved ruins, including the iconic Temple of the Sun and the Intihuatana stone. The views from the site are absolutely stunning, and it’s easy to understand why Machu Picchu is one of the most visited tourist attractions in the world.
3. Wander Through Plaza de Armas: The Heart of Cusco
Located in the heart of Cusco, Plaza de Armas is a vibrant square surrounded by colonial architecture, beautiful churches, and quaint cafes. This historic plaza is a great place to relax and take in the bustling atmosphere of the city. Take a moment to visit the Cusco Cathedral, a magnificent example of Spanish Baroque architecture. Another must-see in Plaza de Armas is La Compañía de Jesús, a church known for its intricate architecture and stunning artwork.
The plaza itself is a cultural hub, often hosting events and festivals that showcase the best of Cusco’s traditions. The surrounding area is filled with shops, restaurants, and markets, making it a perfect spot to spend an afternoon. Visiting Plaza de Armas is undoubtedly one of the top things to do in Cusco for those who want to experience the city’s lively culture and rich history.
4. Discover the Sacsayhuamán Ruins
Just a short distance from Plaza de Armas lies the incredible Sacsayhuamán ruins, a massive Inca fortress that offers stunning views of Cusco. This archaeological site is known for its colossal stone walls, some of which weigh over 100 tons. The precision with which the stones were cut and assembled is a testament to the advanced engineering skills of the Incas.
Sacsayhuamán is not only an architectural marvel but also a site of cultural importance. It was used for ceremonial purposes, and it is believed that it once housed a large military complex. If you visit during June, you may be lucky enough to witness Inti Raymi, the ancient Incan festival of the sun, which is held at Sacsayhuamán every year. Exploring the ruins is one of the top things to do in Cusco to truly appreciate the history and grandeur of the Inca Empire.
5. Experience the San Pedro Market
One of the best ways to immerse yourself in things to do in Cusco is by visiting the San Pedro Market. This vibrant market is located just a short walk from Plaza de Armas and is filled with colorful stalls selling everything from fresh produce to handmade textiles and souvenirs. As you stroll through the market, you’ll encounter a variety of local foods and ingredients unique to the Andean region.
Be sure to sample some of the fresh fruits, such as lucuma and chirimoya, which are native to Peru. You can also pick up artisanal goods, like woven blankets and jewelry, to take home as souvenirs. The market is a great place to experience the everyday life of the local people and to connect with the culture of Cusco, Peru.
6. Visit the Coricancha (Temple of the Sun)
The Coricancha, or Temple of the Sun, was one of the most important religious buildings in the Inca Empire. Located just a short distance from Plaza de Armas, the temple was once covered in gold and served as a center for worshiping the sun god, Inti. The site is notable for its fusion of Inca and Spanish colonial architecture, as the church of Santo Domingo was built on top of the original Inca temple.
The Coricancha offers visitors a glimpse into the religious and cultural practices of the Incas, as well as the impressive stonework for which the civilization is known. The temple’s walls, made of perfectly fitted stones, are a marvel of ancient engineering.
7. Hike to Rainbow Mountain (Vinicunca)
For adventure seekers, a hike to Rainbow Mountain (or Vinicunca) is one of the top things to do in Cusco, Peru. This stunning natural phenomenon is famous for its vibrant, multicolored slopes that are caused by mineral deposits in the mountain. The hike to the summit is challenging but rewards visitors with breathtaking views of the Andes and the surrounding landscape.
The trek to Rainbow Mountain typically takes a full day, with an early morning departure from Cusco. Along the way, you’ll pass through remote villages and see traditional life in the Peruvian highlands. Make sure to bring plenty of water, as the altitude can be challenging for some travelers.
8. Explore the Maras Salt Mines
Located about 40 minutes from Cusco, the Maras Salt Mines are a fascinating sight to behold. The mines consist of thousands of salt pools that are still in use today, with the salt harvested by local residents using traditional methods. The striking sight of these salt terraces against the backdrop of the mountains makes it a must-see attraction.
You can visit the salt mines as part of a guided tour, where you’ll learn about the history of salt production in the area and the significance of these mines to the local community. It’s a unique and off-the-beaten-path experience that gives insight into the region’s agricultural practices.
9. Take a Scenic Trip to Tambomachay
Tambomachay is an Inca archaeological site located just outside of Cusco, known for its well-preserved water channels and fountains. The site is thought to have been used for ceremonial purposes, and it’s often referred to as the “Baths of the Inca.” The site is nestled in the hills, offering a peaceful atmosphere and stunning views of the surrounding landscape.
Tambomachay is a popular stop on the Cusco City Tour, which includes other nearby ruins like Puka Pukara and Qenqo. The site is not as crowded as other Inca ruins, making it a tranquil place to explore and take in the natural beauty of the area.
10. Enjoy the Cusco Cuisine
A trip to Cusco wouldn’t be complete without tasting its traditional cuisine. Peruvian food is known for its variety and bold flavors, and Cusco offers an array of delicious dishes. One of the most famous dishes in the region is cuy (guinea pig), which is often served roasted or fried. For a more familiar option, try pachamanca, a traditional Andean dish made with meat, potatoes, and corn cooked in an underground oven.
Cusco also offers a variety of other dishes, such as alpaca steak and sopa de quinua (quinoa soup). Be sure to visit one of the city’s local restaurants to try these unique dishes and experience the rich flavors of Peru. Tasting the traditional dishes of Cusco is undoubtedly one of the top things to do in Cusco for food enthusiasts looking to indulge in local flavors.
Conclusion
Cusco is a city brimming with history, culture, and adventure, offering a wealth of experiences for every type of traveler. From the ancient ruins of Machu Picchu to the vibrant markets and delicious food, there are endless things to do in Cusco, Peru. Whether you’re hiking through the Sacred Valley, exploring archaeological sites, or savoring local cuisine, your time in Cusco will be filled with unforgettable memories.